营销话术证据 C · 证据有限
狮鬃菇 (Lion's Mane) 让神经元再生
真相
神经生长因子增多只出现在离体细胞和啮齿动物实验里；人体认知改善的证据只有不到 4 周的小样本试验。
机制速览
狮鬃菇（中文里更常叫它猴头菇）是一种能吃的蘑菇，这几年被捧成能改善记忆、甚至逆转阿尔茨海默病的补脑菇。话说在前头：这套说法的人体证据很薄，大半是营销。
来源（1）
- Lai, P.-L., Naidu, M., Sabaratnam, V., Wong, K.-H., David, R. P., Kuppusamy, U. R., et al. (2013). Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus from Malaysia. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 15(6), 539-554. Cell culture only (NG108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma cells; MRC-5 fibroblasts for toxicity): an aqueous H. erinaceus extract was not cytotoxic, induced NGF secretion and neurite outgrowth, and together with 10 ng/mL NGF gave the largest outgrowth (+60.6%); it failed to protect the cells against oxidative stress, so the authors call it neurotrophic but not neuroprotective. It measures no BDNF, no blood-brain-barrier passage and no animals, which this record once claimed (abstract, PMID 24266378).